Cats are often seen as independent and low-maintenance pets, but they can suffer from a variety of health problems just like any other animal. Recognizing early signs of illness is critical because cats are very good at hiding discomfort. One of the most common issues is hairballs, which occur when cats groom themselves and swallow fur. Occasional hairballs are normal, but frequent gagging or vomiting may indicate an underlying digestive problem that needs attention.

Fleas are another frequent concern. These tiny parasites not only cause intense itching and scratching but can also lead to skin infections and anemia if left untreated. Regular flea prevention and proper hygiene are essential. Urinary tract infections are particularly common in male cats and can quickly become dangerous if not treated. If a cat is straining to urinate, crying in the litter box, or producing very little urine, it may be suffering from a blockage that requires immediate veterinary care.

Vomiting and diarrhea are general symptoms that can point to various issues, such as infections, food allergies, or the ingestion of toxic substances. While occasional vomiting may not be serious, persistent or bloody vomit should never be ignored. Similarly, diarrhea lasting more than a day or two can lead to dehydration and should be evaluated by a vet.

Dental problems are another major health concern. Many cats suffer from gum disease and tooth decay by the age of three, which can lead to pain, difficulty eating, and even systemic infections. Signs include bad breath, drooling, and swollen gums. Maintaining good dental hygiene and scheduling regular checkups can prevent many of these problems.

Obesity is a growing issue in household cats and can lead to more serious conditions like diabetes, arthritis, and heart disease. Indoor cats are especially at risk due to a lack of exercise. A healthy, balanced diet and regular playtime are crucial to managing weight.

Other common problems include ear mites, which cause head shaking and dark discharge, and eye infections that present with redness, discharge, or squinting. Respiratory infections, often referred to as “cat flu,” are especially common in shelter cats and can spread rapidly. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal discharge, and lack of appetite.

In all these cases, early detection is key. Any noticeable change in your cat’s behavior, appetite, energy level, or litter box habits may be a warning sign. Prompt veterinary care can prevent small issues from becoming life-threatening.